The records of 57 patients presenting with flail chest injury from 1981 through 1987 were reviewed to determine factors affecting morbidity and mortality. Fifteen patients (26%) had 8+ rib ...

[4] Furthermore, significant trauma to the thoracic cage should prompt ... unstable segment of the thoracic cavity. Known as a flail chest, this segment shows paradoxical movement with inhalation ...

A number of new techniques have been introduced since the first edition, from REBOA (resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aortic), to ribplating for flail chest and skin grafting.